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ABRASION |
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Migration of foreign material
which enters the fluid stream fom system components
that wear from closed tolerances, vibration or shock.
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ABRASION RESISTANCE |
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Ability of a fiber or fabric
to withstand surface wear. |
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ABRASION - SURFACE |
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Fabric wear on the surface
created by particulate erosion, rubbing or scuffing. |
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ABSOLUTE PRESSURE |
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The pressure above an absolute
vacuum. One atmosphere (14.70 psi) greater than gauge
pressure. Symbolized as psia when the pressure is expressed
in psi units. |
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ABSOLUTE RATING |
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An term used to describe
or define the degree of filtration.
Various methods are used to determine absolute ratings
which are not necessarily interchangeable. Generally
absolute means 100% removal of solids above a specified
micron size. |
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ACIDITY |
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The quantitative capacity
of aqueous solutions to react with alkalis. |
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ACID DEW POINT |
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The temperature at which
liquid droplets which are acidic condense from the vapor
phase. |
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ACID GAS SCRUBBER |
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Process equipment where
an alkaline solution is introduced into the gas stream
in a finely atomized spray. It reacts with gas stream
constituents to be scrubbed, creating neutralized particles
that have absorbed acids and can be collected. |
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ACFM |
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Actual Cubic Feet per Minute.
The volume of the gas flowing per minute at the operating
temperature, pressure and composition. |
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ACRYLIC |
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Any of a group of synthetic
fibers derived from a compound of hydrogen, cyanide,
and acetylene, and made into fabrics. |
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ACTIVATED CARBON |
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Any form of carbon characterized
by high adsorptive capacity for gases, vapors, or colloidal
solids. The carbon or charcoal is produced by destructive
distillation of wood, peat lignite, nut shell, bones,
vegetable or other carbonaceous matter, but must be
activated by high temperature steam or carbon dioxide
which creates a porous particle structure. |
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ADHESIVES |
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Used in the essential bonding
process between cylinders of pleated filter paper and
end caps in paper filter element production. |
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ADSORPTION |
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The attraction and/ or
the retention of particles by molecular attraction or
electrostatic forces present between the particles and
a filter medium. Also, the attraction of gasses, liquids
or solids to surface areas of textile fibers, yarns,
fabrics, or any similar type of material. |
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AEROSOL |
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A dispersion of small liquid
particles in a gas. |
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AFFLUENT |
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Fluid entering the filter
or filter system. Commonly described as influent, it
is the opposite of effluent. |
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AGGLOMERATION, PARTICLE |
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Multiple particles joining
or clustering together by surface tension to form larger
particles, usually held by moisture, static charge or
particle architecture. |
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AIR-TO-CLOTH RATIO |
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The ratio between ACFM
flowing through a filter and the square feet of filter
area available. This can also be thought of as the velocity
of the gas passing through the filter in feet per minute
(FPM).
Note: In the metric system the term used is “filtration
velocity” (instead of “air to cloth ratio”;
defined as the relation between the m3/min. of air flowing
through a filter and the m2 of filter area available. |
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ALKALI |
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A term that applies to
the type of compounds which have basic properties and
which will neutralize acids. Some alkaline materials
are hydroxides, carbonates,etc. |
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ALKALINITY |
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The quantitative capacity
of aqueous solutions to react with acids. |
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ANEMOMETER |
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A device for measuring
small air velocities. See hot-wire anemometer and rotating
vane anemometer. |
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ANTI-COLLASPE RINGS |
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Small diameter metal rings
that surround a reverse air bag.
They are kept in place by an outer covering of fabric
that is sewn to the bag. These prevent flattening (sometimes
termed pancaking) of the bag during cleaning. |
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ANTI-SNEAK BAFFLES |
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A gas distribution device
in which internal baffle elements within the precipitator
prevent the gas from bypassing the active field or causing
hopper re-entrainment. |
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APPROACH VELOCITY |
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The inlet (unfiltered)
gas stream velocity as it passes around the bottoms
of the filter elements to approach the filter media
surfaces in pulse jet and cartridge filtration systems.
The approach velocity is determined by the air-to-cloth
ratio, the filter element spacing, and the filter element
height. Also referred to as can velocity. |
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AREA |
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The available apparent
surface exposed to the flow of a fluid for maximum utilization.
Function of area in filtration is related to initial
pressure drop, rate of flow, and solids retention capacity. |
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ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE |
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The pressure of approxinmately
14.7 pounds per square inch (psi) exerted at sea level
in all directions by the atmosphere. |
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AVOGADRO’S LAW |
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The law which states that
under the same conditions of pressure and temperature,
equal volumes of all gases contain equal numbers of
molecules. |
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